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Estonia:
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Other pages in this profile of Estonia:
Geography, People, Government, Communications & Transportation, Military & Transnational Issues.
Geography, People, Government, Communications & Transportation, Military & Transnational Issues.
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Economy - overview |
Definition Estonia, a 2004 European Union entrant, has a modern market-based economy and one of the highest per capita income levels in Central Europe. The economy benefits from strong electronics and telecommunications sectors and strong trade ties with Finland, Sweden, and Germany. The current government has pursued relatively sound fiscal policies, resulting in balanced budgets and low public debt. In 2007, however, a large current account deficit and rising inflation put pressure on Estonia's currency, which is pegged to the euro, highlighting the need for growth in export-generating industries. |
GDP (purchasing power parity) |
Definition - World rank and map $29.35 billion (2007 est.) |
GDP (official exchange rate) |
Definition $21.28 billion (2007 est.) |
GDP - real growth rate |
Definition - World rank and map 7.1% (2007 est.) |
GDP - per capita |
Definition - World rank and map $21,100 (2007 est.) |
GDP - composition by sector |
Definition agriculture: 3% industry: 28.5% services: 68.5% (2007 est.) |
Labor force |
Definition 687,000 (2007 est.) |
Labor force - by occupation |
Definition agriculture: 11% industry: 20% services: 69% (1999 est.) |
Unemployment rate |
Definition - World rank and map 4.7% (2007 est.) |
Population below poverty line |
Definition 5% (2003) |
Household income or consumption by percentage share |
Definition lowest 10%: 2.5% highest 10%: 27.6% (2003) |
Distribution of family income - Gini index |
Definition - World rank and map 34 (2005) |
Inflation rate (consumer prices) |
Definition - World rank and map 6.6% (2007 est.) |
Investment (gross fixed) |
Definition - World rank and map 31.9% of GDP (2007 est.) |
Budget |
Definition revenues: $7.854 billion expenditures: $7.171 billion (2007 est.) |
Public debt |
Definition - World rank and map 3.4% of GDP (2007 est.) |
Agriculture - products |
Definition potatoes, vegetables; livestock and dairy products; fish |
Industries |
Definition engineering, electronics, wood and wood products, textiles; information technology, telecommunications |
Industrial production growth rate |
Definition - World rank and map 7.7% (2007 est.) |
Electricity - production |
Definition - World rank and map 9.599 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - consumption |
Definition - World rank and map 6.888 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - consumption per capita |
Definition - World rank and map 5,267.7 kWh (2005) |
Electricity - exports |
Definition 1.953 billion kWh (2005) |
Electricity - imports |
Definition 345 million kWh (2005) |
Oil - production |
Definition - World rank and map 6,930 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
Oil - consumption |
Definition - World rank and map 29,000 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
Oil - consumption per 1,000 people |
Definition - World rank and map 22.2 bbl/day (2005 est.) |
Oil - exports |
Definition - World rank and map 3,958 bbl/day (2004) |
Oil - imports |
Definition - World rank and map 54,000 bbl/day (2004) |
Oil - proved reserves |
Definition - World rank and map 0 bbl (1 January 2006 est.) |
Natural gas - production |
Definition - World rank and map 0 cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption |
Definition - World rank and map 1.458 billion cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - consumption per capita |
Definition - World rank and map 1,115 cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - exports |
Definition - World rank and map 0 cu m (2005 est.) |
Natural gas - imports |
Definition - World rank and map 1.458 billion cu m (2005) |
Natural gas - proved reserves |
Definition - World rank and map 0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.) |
Current account balance |
Definition - World rank and map -$3.402 billion (2007 est.) |
Exports |
Definition - World rank and map $11.08 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
Exports - commodities |
Definition machinery and equipment 33%, wood and paper 15%, textiles 14%, food products 8%, furniture 7%, metals, chemical products (2001) |
Exports - partners |
Definition Finland 17.9%, Sweden 13.2%, Latvia 11.4%, Russia 8.9%, Lithuania 5.8%, Germany 5.2%, US 4.1% (2006) |
Imports |
Definition - World rank and map $14.69 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.) |
Imports - commodities |
Definition machinery and equipment 33.5%, chemical products 11.6%, textiles 10.3%, foodstuffs 9.4%, transportation equipment 8.9% (2001) |
Imports - partners |
Definition Finland 15.9%, Germany 12.8%, Sweden 10.1%, Russia 10%, Latvia 7.6%, Lithuania 6.9%, Poland 4.5% (2006) |
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold |
Definition - World rank and map $3.27 billion (31 December 2007 est.) |
Debt - external |
Definition - World rank and map $23.08 billion (30 June 2007) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home |
Definition $16.59 billion (2007 est.) |
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad |
Definition $5.873 billion (2007 est.) |
Market value of publicly traded shares |
Definition $5.963 billion (2006) |
Economic aid - recipient |
Definition $135.5 million (2004) |
Currency (code) |
Definition Estonian kroon (EEK) |
Exchange rates |
Definition krooni per US dollar - 11.535 (2007), 12.473 (2006), 12.584 (2005), 12.596 (2004), 13.856 (2003) note: the krooni is pegged to the euro |
Fiscal year |
Definition calendar year |
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