Norfolk Island:
Geography


Background	Definition Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions.

Location	Definition Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia
Geographic coordinates	Definition 29 02 S, 167 57 E
Map references	Definition Oceania
Area	Definition - World rank and map total: 34.6 sq km land: 34.6 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	Definition about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries	Definition 0 km
Coastline	Definition 32 km
Maritime claims	Definition territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Climate	Definition subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation
Terrain	Definition volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains
Elevation extremes	Definition lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Bates 319 m
Natural resources	Definition fish
Land use	Definition - World rank and map arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Irrigated land	Definition NA
Natural hazards	Definition typhoons (especially May to July)
Environment - current issues	Definition NA
Geography - note	Definition most of the 32 km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated